The Interpretative View Of Organizational Communication

The interpretative view of organizational communication developed from a humanistic approach to organizational behavior. The approach views organizations as cultural centers that develop over time. Consequently, the cultural setting of an organization determines the relationship between the management and the employees as well as between the employees. The interpretive organizational communication approach centers on the nature of communication between human beings in their natural environments. Moreover, the approach seeks to establish communication between persons whose incentive to communicate develops from the desire to accomplish the goals that describe the organization. According to the interpretive approach,†¦show more content†¦Application of the interpretive perspective of communication in an organization is analyzed from three approaches. The claims derive from the intrinsic goals of the organizational communication perspective. First, interpretive communication a pproach seeks to offer insight through uncovering profound and hidden meanings of structures in an organization. The management of the Four Seasons Hotel may apply the interpretive communication approach through conducting research on the employee’s motivation to work. The Four Seasons Hotel can apply the interpretive perspective through the introduction of weekly sessions where the junior employees interact with their superiors and evaluate the period by sharing experiences. The findings of the study provide the organization with insight on the drivers of their employee’s urge to work. By understanding the nature of the employee’s motivation in the workplace, the management is better equipped in the creation of incentives that would encourage employee productivity. For instance, the management may discover that the organization’s employees prefer a greater sense of evaluation flexibility. Increased evaluation flexibility would enable the workers apprecia te reward packages from the management more enthusiastically. The interpretive communication approach adopted in the above example illustrates the importance of the approach to an organization. The management of the organizationShow MoreRelatedThe Psychological Needs Of An Organization976 Words   |  4 Pagesorganizational performance. Contrarily, Alabi (2010) and Akintayo (2012) in different studies suggested that the psychological needs of employees constitute an important cause of conflict. Comparatively, Tseveendorj (2008) indicated that in Malaysia, bank workers rated other sources such as communication, perception, values, and culture as the sources of conflict even though some of the staff differed in their degree of perception. Similarly, Fakirani (2013) did an empirical research and suggestedRead MoreEvaluation Of A Pluralistic Methodological Framework1416 Words   |  6 Pagesour case, being an employee in the institution in which the study is taking place was a big challenge. From one hand, employing a positivist approach, denies the fact to use participant observation as it’s more suitable for research that adopt interpretative approach. Nevertheless, vreede (1995) noted that in the case of complex organization, a researcher can be an observer, even if he has adopted a positivist approach. Thus, the aim of observation becomes efficient in answering question such as â€Å"how†Read MoreThe Scientific Management Principles Of Frederick Winslow Taylor3172 Words   |  13 Pagescorporations in the past two centuries, which has resulted in academic as well as practical development of concepts related to organizational behaviour, revolutionizing the current landscape. From the studies conducted by Adam Smith in the 18th century to Peter Ferdinand Drucker in the 21st century a range of ideas and concepts have originated with respect to organizational behaviour and associated practices. While Adam Smith s contribution was in the area of division of labour, which even thoughRead MoreOrganizational Perspective3027 Words   |  13 PagesORGANIZATION PERSPECTIVES Organization Perspective OM8010 – Principles of Organization – Theory and Practice Dr. Robin Parry Capella University August 8, 2011 Organization Perspective Abstract As organizations experience increase organizational rigidity, performance declines can be driven by decrease in innovative change and employee turnover, understanding these shifts are critical to the bottom line. A major responsibility for top managers is to interpret these shifts and to understandRead MoreResearching the Changes in Employee Perception During Organizational Change1672 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION An organizational change disturbs the structure of organizational life in terms of interpersonal relationships, reporting lines, group boundaries, employee and work unit status. (Paulsen et al., 2005; Terry and Jimmieson, 2003). Although change is implemented for positive purposes (like to adapt the changing environmental conditions and to remain competitive as well), its is observed that employees often respond negatively toward change and resist the overall efforts. This negativeRead MoreOrganizational Communication : An Organization4658 Words   |  19 Pages Organizational Communication Prespectives YourFirstName YourLastName University title INTRODUCTION Organizational Communication Perspectives Organizational communication perspectives refer to the different approaches to evaluating the interactions between individuals working in an organization. The criteria apply to horizontal, lateral and vertical communication. Organizational communication perspectives describe and illustrate the flow of information in an organization. Through theRead MoreOrganizational Communication Perspectives Of The Hotel4787 Words   |  20 PagesOrganizational Communication Perspectives Organizational communication perspectives refer to the different approaches to evaluating the interactions between individuals working in an organization. The criteria apply to horizontal, lateral and vertical communication. Organizational communication perspectives describe and illustrate the flow of information in an organization. Through the various organizational communication perspectives, an organization understands and both the internal and externalRead MoreOrganizational Communication : An Organization4433 Words   |  18 Pages Organizational communication Abdullah Allaboon Fairleigh Dickinson University Introduction Organizational communication perspectives refer to the different approaches a person can take to evaluate interactions among individuals working in an organization. There are three approaches in evaluating an interaction between employees in an organization, which are (1) Traditional perspective, (2) Interpretive perspective, and (3) Critical perspective (Papa, Daniels Spiker, 2007). ThoseRead MoreThe Principles Of Scientific Management3162 Words   |  13 PagesAlong with the development of organizations and corporations over the past 200 years, organizational behaviour and the associated concepts have undergone revolutionary changes. From Adam Smith (1776) to Peter Ferdinand Drucker in the 21st Century, numerous experts have proposed and advocated various concepts and ideas on organisational behaviour and associated practices. For example, in the pre-history era, Adam Smithï ¼Ë†1776ï ¼â€° has noted that the division of labour, this method and idea has been acceptedRead MoreCon temporary Organizations and Their Management: An Analysis2848 Words   |  11 Pagesindividuals place and meaning within the organization. The experience as an employee has been based primarily on self-discipline. However for employee volunteers to align themselves to support corporate goals at times the subjectivity of the organizational culture requires scrutiny. For management and the volunteers to be successful there must be trust and accountability within relationships to achieve co-operative work. That is each level of the organization working toward goals that are well defined

Huckleberry Finn a Good Role Model Essay - 633 Words

Huckleberry Finn: A Good Role Model The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn gives a visual look at the time in which the author Samuel Clemens lived. He explains how he felt about his life through the eyes of a young boy named Huckleberry Finn. Huckleberry Finn has many adventures that teach him life lessons we can learn from today. Although there are differing opinions on whether Huck Finn is a good role model for todays young people, I will explain why I think he is. Huck is a good role model for several reasons. First, he believes that slavery is wrong. He believes in treating people equally regardless of color. When Huck sees the widows runaway slave Jim on Jacksons Island, he has mixed emotions about what he should say†¦show more content†¦Finally, Huckleberry Finn thinks life is precious and shouldnt be wasted. This is the most important lesson he can teach todays young people. He and Jim find themselves in a situation as they are floating down the Mississippi River in the fog. All of a sudden, they see a ferry boat and Huck jumps off of the raft to avoid being hit. He swims to shore and meets a family named the Grangerfords. Huck stays with the Grangerfords and gets to know them. The Grangerfords have been feuding with another family named the Sheperdsons. One day a fight breaks out over love between the Grangerfords daughter and the Sheperdsons son. Huck watches from a tree in terror as the two families fight each other to the death. He realizes from this awful experience how easily life can be taken away, and that people should try to come together and work out their problems before they get out of hand. Throughout The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, there are many instances of positive role modeling behavior for young adults in my view. At first sight Hucks actions look questionable to many. I choose to look at Huck as a kid without a lot of adult supervision and support who tries to make his way in the world. He is only human and makes mistakes, but I think he learns from them, and that is all that any of us can try toShow MoreRelatedHuckleberry Finn - Thesis1521 Words   |  7 Pages December 2008 Do you think you have role models in your life? Someone you can look up to and say â€Å"I Want to be like him†. If yes, first of all you have to ask yourself what is a role model? A role Model is a person who serves as a model in a particular behavioral or social role for another Person to emulate. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, Twain shows us two Sides of the coin by putting good role models for huck such as: Judge Thatcher, Widow Douglas, Read MoreParental Influence on Huck Finn Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesParental Influence on Huck Finn In Mark Twains novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, the adults in Hucks life play an important role in the development of the plot. Pap, Hucks father, constantly abuses the boy, never allowing him to become an intelligent or decent human being. He beats and attacks Huck whenever they meet up, and tries to destroy Hucks chances of having a normal life. This situation is balanced by several good role models and parent figures for Huck. Jim, the runaway slaveRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1375 Words   |  6 Pagesto mention the years spent growing and maturing physically. Teenagers are stuck in an inbetween state where they must learn who they want to become and what they want to be when they grow older. The same is true for Huckleberry Finn, from the book â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain. This is a book that was written in a time of great confusion over moral codes and standards. It was a world split in half by two differe nt worlds of people; those who opposed, and those who promoted slaveryRead MoreEssay Symbolism: the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1207 Words   |  5 Pages(Dictionary.com). Numerous authors use the same denotations to illustrate different thoughts or ideas. Mark Twain uses various symbols, such as the river and the land to expose freedom and trouble in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, uses various concrete objects, such as rivers, to symbolize a diverse range of feelings, emotions, and even actions. The ultimate symbol in the novel is the Mississippi River. Rivers often times symbolize lifeRead MoreEssay on Symbolism in The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn1212 Words   |  5 Pages(Dictionary.com). Numerous authors use the same denotations to illustrate different thoughts or ideas. Mark Twain uses various symbols, such as the river and the land to expose freedom and trouble in his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, uses various concrete objects, such as rivers, to symbolize a diverse range of feelings, emotions, and even actions. The ultimate symbol in the novel is the Mississippi River. Rivers often times symbolize lifeRead MoreTwain And Huck s Intersecting Childhood1318 Words   |  6 PagesIntersecting Childhood Mark Twain is the author of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. It is a humorous and heroic book about a boy, Huckleberry Finn, and a slave, Jim, that run away in order to help Jim gain freedom. Along the way, they run into many troubles and obstacles, but they keep going no, matter what. Their story is heartwarming, controversial, and very famous. Twain uses his own childhood experiences in his books; such as how Huck Finn grows up, the main characters, religion, politics, and hisRead More The Role People Play Essay940 Words   |  4 Pagesdistinguished mostly by the impact others have upon them when they are children. These role models shape everyone’s life into the person we are to become, whether positively or negatively. In Mark Twain’s novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck Finn’s role models all impact Huck’s life and the way he lives throughout the novel. Miss Watson, Widow Douglas, and Jim give Huck positive support, while pap Finn impacts Huck’s life negatively. Miss Watson and Widow Douglas guide Huck throughout hisRead MoreAnalysis Of The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1697 Words   |  7 PagesAdventures of Huckleberry Finn Throughout the evolution of the world’s societies, the roles of women seem to act as a reflection of the time period since they set the tones for the next generation. Regardless of their own actions, women generally appear to take on a lower social standing and receive an altered treatment by men. In Mark Twain’s pre-civil war novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, lies a display of how society treats and views women, as well as how they function in their roles, specificallyRead MoreBanning The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain in Schools1030 Words   |  5 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn written by Mark Twain might seem like a good book to have high school students read since it’s about a boy named Huckleberry Finn and his adventures through his life by dealing with the struggles that he has or when he finds a runaway slave, named Jim, who is on an island trying to stay hidden so he will not be sold as a slave. Throughout the nove l the reader will see that Huck has an adventurous personality, comes to find out who is father is and tries to helpRead MoreThe Use of the Word - Nigger - in Twains Novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1238 Words   |  5 Pagesbut has now developed into one of the most derogatory and unfriendly things a person can say? Since 1884, when the book was first published, there has been much controversy regarding the use of the word â€Å"nigger† in the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain. Many people all over the world, predominantly the African-American population, feel that the word demoralizes the Blacks, and feel that the novel should be strongly censored from society. Some say that the constant use of the

Catholicism on Divorce free essay sample

Examines the evolution of the Churchs interpretations of the New Testament messages on marriage, dissolution, temptation and remarriage. The question of evolution having been settled by Pope John Paul II, the Catholic Church still has the question of marriage to debate. Besides whether priests and other ministers of the gospel can marry, is a marriage indissoluble or sacramentally sealed for the lives of the two spouses, or can that entity called marriage be terminated by one of them? Charles Curran states that increasing numbers of Roman Catholics do not accept the Churchs teaching on the indissolubility of marriage. This in itself is revolutionary. Although the Pope presents himself as the leader of the Roman Catholic Church, and ostensibly the de facto leader of Christendom in general because Catholicism until very recently believed one must be a Catholic to be saved, the Pope is only a leader insofar as others follow. We will write a custom essay sample on Catholicism on Divorce or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If when Curran wrote in 1977..

Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices

Introduction Beef industry in Malaysia has been growing at a slow rate over the last decade. As a result, the country has been unable to meet the demand given the rapid increase in Halal beef consumption. The per capita consumption of Halal beef has increased from 1kg to over 6kg (Mohamed et al. 2008 p. 58).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The low production of beef has forced the government to import beef from the neighboring nations to meet the ever-growing demand. The low rate of production is mainly attributed to farm inefficiencies, which has also led to high cost of production (Mohamed et al. 2008, p. 59). There are five categories of beef producers in Malaysia, namely: ranch integrators, vast estates, commercial feedlots, and customary agriculturalist. The five categori es differ in animal numbers, a system of management and size of land. They are all involved in the production of both cattle and buffalo beef. The customary agriculturalists are the majority and possess nearly 80 percent of cattle and buffalo farms (Mohamed et al. 2008, p. 60). The ever-increasing demand for Halal beef products and services has had a significant impact on the local beef industry (Yeong-Sheng et al. 2015, p. 43). Since Malaysia is a predominantly Muslim nation, there is a special attachment to Halal products. Muslims abide by the strict dietary rule and are only permitted to eat Halal products. Therefore, Halal is very significant in the country’s food sector, including beef industry (Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 55). In addition, the growing demand for Halal products all over the world means that Halal food sector is no longer an industry that conforms to spiritual necessity, but is turning into an economic force in its own right (Noordin et al. 2009, p. 1). Genera lly, Muslim consumers often have a tendency to buy certified Halal products for a sense of security. For this reason, consumers in Malaysia are more concerned about the quality of Halal products than their prices. Malaysia Department of Islamic Development is the body responsible for Halal accreditation in Malaysia (Yeong-Sheng 2015, p. 5). According to Yeong-Sheng et al., demand for beef in Malaysia is inelastic to expenditure and price, which means consumers are willing to pay premium prices for quality beef products. However, the price elasticity of beef is relatively lower compared to advanced nations due to the general income level (42).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The slow growth of beef industry and its enormous potential provides the rationale for choosing the topic under study. Moreover, businesses are now moving away from consumer-geared approach to value- driven approach to increase profitability and to build brand equity. Brand equity is defined as â€Å"any given brand name that has a specific significance and value to consumers and, therefore, influences future earnings and consumer loyalty (Westberg Pope 2012, p. 3). Beef industry in Malaysia and Concept of Halal and its traceability From the early 1960s to 2010, the individual consumption of beef in Malaysia has grown from 1kg to over 6kg. This is mainly attributed to increase in income and population, as well as the affordability of beef products (Mohamed et al. 2008, p. 58). Since more than 60 percent of the population is Muslims, food items must be prepared using Halal methods. In addition, consumers in Malaysia are increasingly becoming vigilant and conscious of the ingredients in food products and, therefore, are very selective. Some authors attribute this to a high level of literacy and increased concern for food safety, quality, and legitimacy. The global food safety cr isis also prompted Malaysia people to demand transparency in the production of Halal beef products (Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 55). Halal basically refers to food that has no trace of swine or pork and does not cause any harm to the body or physical wellbeing. Pork and Swine are highly forbidden in Islam. In other words, any food can be considered to be Halal as long as it is prepared or processed according to Islamic Shariah law (Lokman 2008, p. 2). The Halal guidelines and procedures are not just limited to Islamic law, but also hygiene and quality regulation. The materials and equipment used must also conform to Islamic law. Additionally, the production process must be observed and regulated by a qualified Muslim inspector. Food products, including beef that has met the Halal standard, are said to be Halal certified (Lokman 2008, p. 3; Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 57). Consumer Purchasing Pattern As already been mentioned, demand for beef in Malaysia is inelastic to expenditure and price, which means consumers are willing to pay premium prices for quality beef products (Yeong-Sheng et al. 2015, p. 42). The concern about the quality and safety of beef products in Malaysia has been aggravated by the recent fraudulent activities and safety incidences, for instance, the traces of pork DNA found in Cadbury chocolates in Malaysia two years ago. For this reason, consumers only purchase products that are certified and have markings and logos (Yeong-Sheng et al. 2015, p. 31).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The majority of Halal beef consumers trust local butcheries manned by Muslims than supermarkets. This happens despite the fact that meat products are highly regulated in Malaysia. The prices of beef are slightly higher than other meat products because the beef indus try is controlled by cartels. However, the willingness to pay premium prices for Halal beef products depends on consumer income levels. Low-income consumers in Malaysia tend to overvalue low-quality beef, whereas high-income consumers tend to overvalue high-quality beef (Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 60). Malaysia Overview The growth of the beef industry is still slow in Malaysia. However, the industry’s prospects are enormous given the increasing demand for Halal beef both locally and globally. This provides the rationale for choosing the topic under study. In addition, Halal beef consumers in Malaysia still have trust issues with their supply and value chain system. As a result, the majority of them only buy beef products from local butcheries and shops instead of supermarkets. This because consumers are more concerned about the quality and safety of beef products than prices. They are even more willing to pay premium prices for Halal accredited products (Yeong-Sheng 2015, p. 42; Hamdan et al. 2013, p. 60). Therefore, the case study will contribute to the body of knowledge aimed at improving the country’s Halal beef supply and value chain. Malaysia Halal Beef Industry Value Chain Analysis Value chain basically refers to an array of activities or processes used by businesses to enhance the quality of products. It also refers to a methodical way of splitting business operations and how they add value to the consumers. The main elements of Halal beef value chain are processes, information, and stakeholders (Backer Miroudot 2014, p. 55). The term value chain was first introduced by Porter in 1985. Porter (1985, p.34) defined value chain as organizational activities connected to a company’s competitive position. There has been a considerable shift in Halal beef marketing from client-based approach to value-based approach. The Malaysia government is striving to align the beef supply chain and value chain to enhance consumer experience and satisfacti on. Citizens had started to question the integrity of the existing supply chain due to its complex nature and inability to detect matters of integrity. The susceptibility of the supply chain was also attributed to its size and increasing demand for Halal beef (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p. 3).Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The accreditation process ensures that beef products are prepared in accordance with Islamic principles and procedures (Tieman, van der Vost Ghazali 2012, p. 222). The certification process is managed by the Malaysia Department of Islamic Development. Besides, State Islamic Religious Department and Council are also mandated with the responsibility of issuing Halal licenses and logos (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 54). Critics argue that the challenges facing the Halal accreditation in Malaysia is not with the process, but implementation. The issues affecting the implementation process include operational inefficiencies and governance (Noordin et al. 2009, p. 7). Mapping Halal Beef Industry Value Chain Analysis Value chain rests on the division of various operations and mapping of relations that might create value or costs in the production process. Value chain maps illustrate the industry players and functions. It usually contains a number of elements, which include: input supplie rs, production, processing, wholesale, retail, and consumers. These elements assist in organizing important information regarding the players/actors in the value chain (Backer Miroudot 2014, p. 6). The Halal beef value chain in Malaysia has developed over the past decade into an array of complex components involving different players that include ranch integrators, vast estates, commercial feedlots, and customary agriculturalist. However, the largest share of Halal beef in Malaysia is produced by customary agriculturalists. They account for nearly 80 percent of the total production. They are often found in the countryside where access to market and infrastructure is inadequate. Market and pricing information are unattainable. Earlier attempts to organize smallholder farmers into cooperatives and self-help groups have been futile. Therefore, these players in the value chain are not doing enough to add value to their products (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 57). The village middlemen , on the other hand, usually gather animals from remote locations and take them to slaughterhouses where they are well fed and watered. The middlemen are autonomous operatives who utilize their local knowledge and social-economic relations to gain access to local markets. Most of them are restricted to certain geographical region due to financial constraints. They frequently distort prices and benefit at the expense of the farmers. In addition, they charge ridiculous fee and add no value. Instead, they add more than 10 percent of the abattoir gate price. In a nutshell, middlemen are not offering much in terms of value addition, yet they extract a fee from the value chain system that can barely sustain the additional cost. Therefore, there is a need to design and implement reliable information dissemination mechanism to enhance trust and collaboration between different players in the value chain (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 59). Large estates and ranches often have feedlots for fa ttening both young and mature animals. The fattened young animals are basically for the export market, whereas the mature animals are for the local market. The feedlots are always located near the urban areas where there is a ready market. Nevertheless, the cost of operating feedlots has increased significantly, while the earnings from animals have gone down. This is mainly attributed to the inflated cost of inputs (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p.9). Among the existing slaughterhouses, only 12 are operational. All of them have facilities for goats and sheep. However, facilities for cattle and buffalos are limited. Upon arrival, the animals are taken through a bodily inspection and rested for 72 hours in the holding areas where they are fed and watered. 12 to 24 hours before slaughtering, they are placed in a lairage where they are given water only (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p.9). At the lairage, they are taken through another examination process. Animals that have passed the test are the n slaughtered using Halal procedures and methodology. The slaughtering process must be observed and regulated by a qualified Muslim inspector. A while later the remains are chilled at – 2 to 2 degrees Celsius for a day. In most occasions, slaughtering is done when a client makes an order (Mohamad Backhouse 2014, p.11). The only processing that takes place is putting the carcasses in stockinet ready for transportation or shipment. All the abattoirs have their own refrigerated trucks for transporting Halal beef products. However, the cold stores are limited. The abattoirs in Malaysia sell both Halal beef and by-products, for instance, blood, organs, and intestines. The sale of by-products helps the slaughterhouses to break even. The main responsibility of the wholesalers is basically picking the Halal beef products from the slaughterhouses and selling them to the retail market. They have limited storage capacity and, therefore, do not hold beef for long. The wholesalers and re tailers grade and repackage the Halal beef products (Muhammad, Isa Kifli, 2009, p. 59). Figure 1: Schematic description of the beef value chain Table 1: Summarizing the Value Chain Mapping Beef Production Processing Distributing Wholesaling Retailing Inputs Commercial feeds and minerals Pesticides Money Ice Packaging Beef Beef Beef Activities Zero grazing and open grazing Feed formulation Purchasing inputs Processing includes slaughtering, handling, preparation, inspection and packaging Distributing beef from slaughterhouses to wholesalers Picking up beef from slaughterhouses and sell products to retail market Most of the whoesalers have limited storage and, therefore, do not hold beef for long. Selling to consumers Outputs Beef cattle or Buffalo Beef Beef Beef Income Actors Ranch integrators, vast estates, commercial feedlots, and customary agriculturalist Abbattoirs Malaysia Department of Islamic Development State Islamic Religious Department and Council Middlemen fr om the villages Wholesalers Retailers, Supermarkets and local butcheries Problems Farm ineficiencies, which has led to high cost of production Poor methods of production Strong role of informal lenders and middlemen that have trapped farmers in poverty Fragmented markets Uncertainty of raw material suppliers Accreditation challenges Lack of adequate fund to modernize the faccilities Trucking facilities without coolants Poor road infrastructure in some areas which increases transportation cost Most wholesalers lack adequate storage facilities and, therefore, can not stock large quantity of beef The industry is controlled by cartels who regulate prices It is difficult to control the entire value chain in order to maintain standard quality and quantity Lack of consumer trust Low-income consumers tend to overvalue low-quality beef, whereas high-income consumers tend to overvalue high-quality beef Short product shelf life Lack of business and management skills Possible solutions Intr oducing scientific production methods Training farmers Providing affordable loans and promoting farmers cooperatives to eliminate the middlemen Establishing adequate buffer stock for raw materials Restructuring the accreditation process and enhancing public awareness Modernizing public abbattoirs Improving the road networks to reduce transportation cost Providing trucks with refrigerated facilities at affordable price Building more warehouses Introducing a stringent law to eliminate the cartels Enhancing the entire value chain to enhance product quality and quantity, which will also deal with the trust issues Providing free or affordable training to traders Recommendation to Improve Halal Beef Industry Value Chain In order to improve the existing value chain and make Malaysia a global Hub for Halal beef, the country should embrace the Western USA (California) model. The model targets five aspects, namely: institutional structures, improved productivity, improving local infrastruc ture, training players in the value chain, and stimulating demand for beef products. Currently, the beef industry in Malaysia is divided and has ineffectual umbrella body, as well as a poor grading system. The country should form a meat board like in the US. The body will oversee the formulation and implementation of a sound regulatory system, facilitate various segments within the value chain, enhance productivity across the value chain, improve credit access for abattoirs and processing companies, improving access to international market; come up with a standard grading system, and advise the government on matters related to beef sector. The government should support the formation of cooperatives and self-help groups. The cooperatives and self-help groups will not only help farmers to access credit facilities, but also market their products. The government should also increase access to loan facilities by providing interest-free loans and subsidized inputs through the cooperatives and self-help groups. In addition, training and public awareness on modern production methods should be carried out through these groups. The training should focus on livestock breeding, animal well-being, feeding and grazing land management, and fiscal management. The local infrastructure can be improved through the following ways: modernizing all the public abattoirs to international standard; improving road network; introducing feedlot facilities to help in fattening young calves and livestock ready for market; strengthening the certification body through adequate staffing and funding; providing cold storage facilities, including trucks and warehouses; and providing livestock scales at local markets among others. Figure 3: Change in the Halal beef Value Chain after the suggested intervention Conclusion Halal beef consumers still have some trust issues with the country’s supply and value chain system. This arose after the recent fraudulent activities and safety incidences , for instance, the traces of pork DNA found in Cadbury chocolates in Malaysia. In order to increase the credibility of Halal beef, each stage in the value chain have to be restructured. This can only be achieved by embracing the Western USA (California) model, which targets five aspects, namely: institutional structures, improved productivity, improving local infrastructure, training players in the value chain, and stimulating demand for Halal beef. References Backer, K Miroudot, S 2014, Mapping Global Value Chains, OECD Publishing, Paris. Hamdan, H, Issa, Z, Abu, N Jussof, K 2013, ‘Purchasing Decisions Among Muslim Consumers of Processed Halal Food Products’, Journal of Food Products Marketing, vol. 19, pp. 54-61. Lokman, A 2008, Shariah and Malaysia Halal Certification System, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Kuala Lumpar, Malysia. Muhammad, M, Isa, F Kifli, B 2009, ‘Positioning Malaysia as Halal-Hub: Integration Role of Supply Chain Strategy and Hala l Assurance System’, Asian Social Sciences, vol.5, no. 7, pp 44-50. Mohamad, N Backhouse, C 2014. ‘A Framework for Development of Hala Food Products in Malaysia’, Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Bali, Indonesia, pp. 2-11. Mohamed, Z, Shamsudin, M, Radam, A Serin, T 2008, ‘The efficiency of beef cattle production: A case study in the target area of concentration in Johor, Malaysia’, Economic and Technology Management Review, vol. 3, pp. 57-74. Noordin, N, Noor, NL, Harshim, M Samicho, Z 2009, ‘Value Chain of Halal Certification System: A Case Study of the Malaysian Halal Industry’, European and Mediterranean Conference on Information System, Izmir, Turkey, pp. 1-14. Porter, M 1980, Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors, Free Press, New York. Tieman, M, van der Vost, J Ghazali, M 2012, ‘Principles in Halal Supply Chain Manage ment’, Journal of Islamic Marketing, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 217-243. Westberg, K Pope, N 2012, ‘Building brand equity with cause-related marketing: A Comparison with sponsorship and sales promotion’, Journal of Marketing Communications, pp.1-19. Yeong-Sheng, J, Shamsudin, M, Mohamed, Z, Abdulla, Z Radam, A 2015, Demand for beef in Malaysia: Quantity or Quality, Sage Publications, London, UK. This case study on Credibility of Halal Beef Value Chain in Malaysia and Willingness of Consumers to Pay Premium Prices was written and submitted by user Matilda B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Discussing The Aboriginal Population Of Australia Social Work Essay Essays

Discussing The Aboriginal Population Of Australia Social Work Essay Essays Discussing The Aboriginal Population Of Australia Social Work Essay Essay Discussing The Aboriginal Population Of Australia Social Work Essay Essay The Northern Territory Intervention was an enterprise of the Howard authorities in June 2007 Tsey and Every, 2000, p. 509. The intercession was initiated in response to sexual maltreatment of kids but it had larger purposes of covering with issues other than the more direct causes of kid maltreatment. The steps for the intercession were to be started in prescribed countries. These included the Aboriginal land as defined by the Northern Territory Act of 1976, Aboriginal community countries given as freehold to Aboriginal corporations and town cantonment countries which had been declared under the Northern Territory 2007 Act ( Commonwealth of Australia, 2007, p. 12 ) . The Aboriginal people mostly felt that their civilization was being blamed for jobs that had been brought about by old ages of low authorities disbursement in instruction, lodging and other services. Most of the electorate assumed that the hapless school attending rates of the Aboriginal kids were due to hapless parenting. An evaluated test nevertheless indicated that this was merely one of many factors that influenced school attending ( Behrendt, 2008 ) . Evidence has pointed out there are differences in school attending in kids of one household. Additionally, school attending was influenced by overcrowding. Criticism was leveled at the efforts to associate public assistance to behavioral alteration with the statement that usage of such punitory steps would merely be effectual in adding emphasis to an already dysfunctional state of affairs ( Tsey, 2008 ) . Noel Pearson, an influential Autochthonal reformist and mind held that the focal point on policing and intoxicant was of import but there besides needed to be a scheme in which societal and cultural ownership could be built ( Pearson, 2007 ) . Many observers condemned the attack used by the Federal Government in hurriedly fixing statute law that would underpin the intercession. In their attack there was barely any audience with the community ( Havene, 2007 ) . The Aboriginal people and others excessively felt that the intercessions under the NTER ( Northern Territory Emergency Response ) were prejudiced. This is supported by the fact that the Racial Discrimination Act was suspended when the policy was rolled out ( Berhendt, 2008 ) . The policy took away the rights of the people and left them without an avenue through which they could seek damages. The manner in which it was applied was besides questionable as it covered everyone in the prescribed countries irrespective of whether they had kids or non. Some veterans who had fought in the war besides found their pensions quarantined. The usage of mottos likes you ca nt eat rights by pro-reform and pro-welfare groups justified this sort of action. Other mottos used to warrant such actions include statements like this is for your ain good . All these nevertheless merely seem to be alibis to tread on human rights under the stalking-horse that the terminals justifies the agencies. It indicates entire neglect for human rights and shows hapless policy devising. The failure to utilize research when finding policy may be slightly to fault for the acceptance of false duality policies that assume either/or state of affairss as the NT intercessions have done. The information obtained to depict the success of the NT intercession has besides non been sufficient to back up its being. For case, the authorities claims that the intercessions have led to increased ingestion of fresh nutrient because community shops are selling more nutrient ( Berhendt, 2008 ) . The footing of this evidence nevertheless is merely 10 phone calls made to community shops which asked whether there had been any addition in gross revenues of fresh nutrients. Six of these 10s said yes, while three said no and one said that they did non cognize ( Berhendt, 2008 ) . This grounds is really inconclusive as it does non state us who bought the nutrient, whether it was the people affected by the isolated income or whether it was public retainers or the ground forces who were involved in turn overing out the intercession. Briefly, this is non difficult grounds because there was non even data available about the ingestion rates before the intercession that would be compared wit h fresh nutrient ingestion rates after so as to efficaciously state that the intercession has had the consequence of increasing fresh nutrient ingestion. Success in accomplishing impact with the Aboriginal community possibly lies in undertaking complex issues such as Reconstruction of community norms that are based on societal duty and societal norms. By looking at plans that have been successful in autochthonal people possibly we can larn something. Evidence show that to acquire Aboriginal kids to travel to school certain things work, such as plans that allow the Elders of the Aboriginal community into school, holding tiffin and breakfast plans and Aboriginal instructors Plutos every bit good as Aboriginal instructors ( Berhendt, 2008 ) . Educationalist Chris Sarra has developed a plan in which kids s ego regard and assurance are built by prosecuting their civilization while concentrating one academic excellence ( Berhendt, 2008 ) .The plans that have been effectual show that it is of import to construct a relationship with the community in which the community members are empowered. The Family Wellbeing empowerment plan was developed by autochthonal people based in Adelaide. This group had been affected by the stolen coevals policies, they were among the kids who had been taken out of their households and raised in surrogate places or authorities establishments from around 1910 to 1970 ( Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2002, p. 21 ) . The people who designed the FWB plan felt that small was being done to help the Autochthonal households to develop the capacity and accomplishments to turn to the injury and hurting of the yesteryear every bit good as the day-to-day challenges of being a marginalized community ( Tsey and Every, 2000 ) . Trouble in turn toing day-to-day jobs led to statistics which indicated really high drug abuse rates among Aborigines ( Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2003 ) . The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare studies that the Aborigines were more likely to devour intoxicant to a degree that would increase their hazard fo r injury both in the short-run and long-run as compared to other Australians. The group conducted a study to happen out about the survival experiences of modern-day Indigenous Australians. The consequences of the audiences were the footing of the FWB plan. The content of the plan relies to a great extent on a broad assortment of religious and curative traditions for illustration speculation and visual image. These were considered appropriate and suited for the Indigenous Australian population every bit good as adaptable to the demands of non-Indigenous Australians. FWB began in 1993 ; they held informal meetings within the community where the people shared their day-to-day experiences and provided support for one another ( Tsey, 2008 ) . This led increased consciousness on the power that can be accrued from information sharing in supportive and safe groups. The plan so developed into a flexible but structured larning procedure in which there are five phases dwelling of about 30-40 hours of larning in a group. The most cardinal thing to the community is the chance to joint and reflect the values that guide people in covering with their yesteryear and their current societal relationships. The first phase trades with the basic demands of a human being and some behaviours that may ensue when these demands are non met for illustration substance maltreatment. The 2nd phase trades with the alteration procedure and the chances change nowadayss for developing strengths and qualities. The 3rd phase trades with household force and an analysis of values related to force and maltreatment every bit good as accomplishments of mending from relationships that are destructive. Phase 4 focal points on the importance of holding a balance in life, the importance of traditions and values. The concluding phase provides practical experience to enable people who have gone through the old phases to go skilled and confident facilitators in the plan. A follow-up survey on the people who had participated in the FWB plan indicated the positive consequence of the survey ( Tsey, 2008 ) . The participants reported being able to get by better with nerve-racking state of affairss without needfully turning violent or turning to alcohol. They besides reported associating better with their household members and kids. The impact of alteration and personal authorization seemed to hold a permanent consequence ( Tsey, 2008 ) . The success of this plan is nevertheless tempered by the fact that sustainable and consistent authorities support for plans that really worked among the Autochthonal people was low. This coupled with the urgency and big graduated table of work required so as to assist others within the community creates a important barrier to alter. The plan described above indicates that one of the best ways to cut down the disparity between non-Indigenous and Autochthonal people is to affect the Autochthonal people in the bringing and design of plans in their communities. The FWB participants have continued to be contact and resource individuals as the plan has expanded ( Tsey, 2008 ) . Making Autochthonal people cardinal to plan bringing can be done by reconstructing the interface between the Aboriginal community and authorities by usage of representative constructions in which people can confer with and work with the Autochthonal people. Training and instruction are besides of import for capacity edifice but this should include altering from simple solutions such as taking kids from places to take them to get oning schools to a wider scope of schemes which build on the capacities and accomplishments of both grownups and immature people who still need to keep contact with their loved 1s even if they do go forth place for bett er instruction chances ( Berhendt, 2008 ) . Other ways of increasing Autochthonal people participation include increasing the figure of Autochthonal people who are engaged in development of Aboriginal policies particularly those working in the public service. Supplying flexible work systems that have the comprehension that most of the Indigenous community does non hold a feasible work force. This will help in supplying services to the community while at the same clip edifice accomplishments and capacity within the community ( Berhendt, 2008 ) . Most of the policy aiming Autochthonal people has ever been intercession or exigencies. The job with such an attack is that it seldom looks at the underlying issues therefore the long term jobs which need to be addressed are frequently non addressed. Disadvantage requires solutions that are long term instead than responding to a crisis. This means supplying equal resources for proviso of indispensable services and execution of plans that involve Autochthonal people. The usage of grounds based solutions will besides be necessary in a command to accomplish the autochthonal wellness and good being that is required. Research needs to be carried out after execution of plans to happen out how effectual these plans have been utilizing proper research methodological analysis. Where a plan is found to be successful the grounds behind its success can be identified and the plan possibly applied to another autochthonal community. Where failure has occurred, the grounds for the failure besides need to be identified so that these are non repeated. All in all the importance of inclusion of autochthonal people can non be overemphasized every bit good as a combination of bio-psycho-social constituents in pull offing the low societal indexs amongst the Autochthonal people. Ces Australian Bureau of Statistics. ( 2002 ) . National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey. Australian capital: Australian Bureau of Statistics ABS cat no 4714.0 ( 2004 ) Retrieved May 15, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/AE3942DB21AD4A27CA256EBB0079843D/ $ File/47140_2002.pdf Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. ( 2005 ) . Populating perilously: Aussies with multiple hazard factors for cardiovascular disease, Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Retrieved May 15, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aihw.gov.au/publications/index.cfm/title/10103 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2003, Statistics on drug usage in Australia 2002 Cat. No. PHE 43. Australian capital: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.aihw.gov.au/publications/index.cfm/title/10103 Bernhardt L, 2009, The NT Intervention, An Analysis by Prof Larissa Behrendt, The Record, Winter 2009, St Vincent de Paul Society, pp 5-8 Commonwealth of Australia, 2007, Northern Territory National Emergency Response Act 2007, Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia, available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.crikey.com.au/Media/docs/legis1-d58360ea-7506-4401-ba09- 32b7cde075fd.pdf Havnen O, 2007, NT Emergency Intervention, Paper presented at Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission ( HREOC ) Seminar ; The Northern Territory Emergency Response Legislation: A Human Rights Analysis, 17 September 2007 Canberra, Australia available at www.erc.org.au/index.php? module=documents A ; JAS Idaho. Pearson N 2007, Why are we speaking about societal norms? An debut to the Cape York Agenda, Cape York Institute Public Conference: Strong Foundations: Rebuilding societal norms in Autochthonal communities, 25th -26th June, 2007, Cairns, Queensland available at hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cyi.org.au/conference/documents/SpeakerPresentations/Forum % 20wit H % 20Noel % 20and % 20others.pdf Tsey K, Whiteside M, Daly B, Deemal A, Gibson, T, Cadet-James, Y, Wilson, A, Santhanam R, and Haswell M, 2005, Adapting the household wellbeing empowerment plan to the demands of remote Indigenous school kids, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 29 ( 2 ) : 112-116. Tsey K, and Every A, 2000, Measuring Aboriginal authorization plans: the instance of Family Well-Being, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 24 ( 5 ) , 509-514 Tsey K, 2008, Undertaking endemic substance maltreatment among Autochthonal Australians: the part of values-based household authorization instruction, Forum on Public policy available at www.forumonpublicpolicy.com/archivespring08/tsey.australia.pdf Please non that most of my beginnings are diaries and documents presented at seminars and conferences and studies produced by organisations which I have referenced right. that is how come there is no publishing house for the documents. From the mentions: studies include Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2002, National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey, Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics ABS cat no 4714.0 ( 2004 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2005, Populating perilously: Aussies with multiple hazard factors for cardiovascular disease, Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2003, Statistics on drug usage in Australia 2002 Cat. No. PHE 43. Australian capital: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Commonwealth of Australia, 2007, Northern Territory National Emergency Response Act 2007, Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia Documents presented at conferences include Havnen O, 2007, NT Emergency Intervention, Paper presented at Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission ( HREOC ) Seminar ; The Northern Territory Emergency Response Legislation: A Human Rights Analysis, 17 September 2007 Pearson N 2007, Why are we speaking about societal norms? An debut to the Cape York Agenda, Cape York Institute Public Conference: Strong Foundations: Rebuilding societal norms in Autochthonal communities, 25th -26th June, 2007, Cairns, Queensland Articles published in Journals include Bernhardt L, 2009, The NT Intervention, An Analysis by Prof Larissa Behrendt, The Record, Winter 2009, St Vincent de Paul Society, pp 5-8 Tsey K, Whiteside M, Daly B, Deemal A, Gibson, T, Cadet-James, Y, Wilson, A, Santhanam R, and Haswell M, 2005, Adapting the household wellbeing empowerment plan to the demands of remote Indigenous school kids, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 29 ( 2 ) : 112-116. Tsey K, and Every A, 2000, Measuring Aboriginal authorization plans: the instance of Family Well-Being, Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 24 ( 5 ) , 509-514 Tsey K, 2008, Undertaking endemic substance maltreatment among Autochthonal Australians: the part of values-based household authorization instruction, Forum on Public policy available at

Law, Government and Politics in Canada exam Essay

Law, Government and Politics in Canada exam - Essay Example The Governor General also signs bills into law. He/she also commands the armed forces, calls for elections, appoints judges and hosts other relevant tasks. However, in practice, the Governor General’s duties are symbolic in nature. In approving the laws presented to him by the PM, his /her signature is referred to as royal assent, which is simply ceremonial. In the past 80 years, the Governor General has never failed to assent to a bill and has never removed PM from office. In addition, he/she has never denied appointment and never has he vetoed a law. These laws are not written; hence subject to discussions. In conclusion, I believe that the Governor General does not have significant political power since his/her powers are symbolic and are indeed delegated to him/her by the Queen. The powers are not significant because he/she follows what has already been decided upon by either the Queen, the PM, or the Cabinet. Being a symbolic post, I think Canada can still make it without the Governor General. However, being a royal country, this symbolic figure means a lot to the country; hence the relevance. In addition, the above duties entrusted to the Governor General are relevant, and they need someone to perform them (Bogart, 2005). Question 2 I agree with the Supreme Court’s response to question on whether Under the Constitution of Canada, the National Assembly, legislature or government of Quebec can affect the secession of Quebec from Canada unilaterally. In fact, this was the best answer to that question that the constitution is more than what is written there. It contains global rules and principles that govern the authority of the constitution. The Supreme Court ruled out that the constitution contains a few provisions that can be misleading if interpreted without considering underlying principles of federalism, rule of law, democracy, respect for minorities, as well as the principle of constitutionalism. The Supreme Court argued that the constit ution is based upon these principles and that democracy does not simply mean ‘simple majority rule’. Indeed, it exists in other values, given that province people and those who live in the territories live interdependently. The court argued that that would be illegal and would only be possible if the majority of Quebecers votes favored secession, which would be followed by negotiations. This would mean that all parties would be satisfied because negotiations mean that each party gives out on something in order to reach a concession (Bogart, 2005). Overall, the court’s response to the reference questions does not harm Canadian national unity. On the contrary, it supports it when it declares that the people of Canada are closely interdependent through economically, culturally, socially and politically and that a decision that would favor secession would put the strong ties at risk. To preserve national unity, the Supreme Court rule that province secession could not be come up unilaterally, under the constitution and that negotiations were necessary to reach a conclusion. The decision put into consideration, the fact that all participants have a right to contribute to constitution change through continuous discussions. In that decision, the Supreme Court added that rights of others must be respected by Quebec, and vice versa. Negotiation results would be final,

How telecommuting can negatively impact innovation at work Essay

How telecommuting can negatively impact innovation at work - Essay Example As Gajendran & Harrison (2007), points out, telecommuting minimizes feedback, coordination, and supervision. One of these alterations is how employees are supervised. For instance, telecommuting removes the employee from the viewing area of the supervisor and impedes the supervisor from being able to observe the performance of the employers directly. For another thing, the employee’s dependence on the supervisor is reduced, employees will have to work out more inventiveness and might have to make extra decisions on their own, because a supervisor will not be available to guide them stage by stage. This can bring effects to the organization whenever employees come up with bad decisions. Moreover, telecommuting reduces in-person contacts if your clienteles are adapted to high-level direct contact with the workers that handle their activities. Additionally, telecommuting reduces the workforce in the office, and this leads to stress in the non-commuting employees. Turetken et al. (2011), states that those workers that stay in the offices tend to feel left out of the advantages of telecommuting, such as flexible hours and feel bitter that their colleagues have the choice of working in a more relaxed place. Also, if there is no update on the communication systems of the organization to replicate a disseminated workforce, the non-telecommuting staff might experience an amplified workload and the weight of the client communication problem. Telecommuters might have a difficult time building and retaining relationships with their co-workers, which might interfere with the overall job satisfaction and productivity. Since relations often lead to confidence and operational collaboration, telecommuting can deteriorate the complete atmosphere. On the other hand, telecommuting can impair teamwork. Workers who usually work together phy sically will require ways to present and review work, specifically on a casual level. Therefore, there might be a depression in productivity